EngineeringCollege
Fluid Mechanics Basics
Fluid mechanics studies fluids (liquids and gases) at rest and in motion.
1Introduction
Fluid mechanics is essential for aerospace, civil, mechanical, and chemical engineering applications.
2Fluid Properties
- Density (ρ): mass/volume (kg/m³)
- Viscosity (μ): resistance to flow
- Specific Weight (γ): weight/volume
- Compressibility: measure of volume change with pressure
3Fluid Statics
P = ρgh
Pressure increases with depth. Pascal's Law: pressure transmits equally. Buoyant force = weight of displaced fluid.
4Fluid Dynamics
P + ½ρv² + ρgh = constant
- Continuity: A₁v₁ = A₂v₂ (mass conservation)
- Bernoulli: Energy conservation along streamline
- Reynolds Number: Re = ρvL/μ (laminar vs turbulent)
5Applications
- Piping systems and pumps
- Aerodynamics (aircraft, cars)
- Hydraulic machines
- Weather and climate systems
Test your understanding — select the correct answer.
1.What is fluid mechanics the study of?
2.Density is defined as:
3.Pressure in a fluid at rest:
4.Pascal's Law states:
5.Bernoulli's equation relates:
6.Reynolds number is ratio of:
7.Continuity equation (A₁v₁ = A₂v₂) expresses:
8.Viscosity measures:
9.Archimedes' principle states:
10.For laminar flow in a pipe, velocity profile is: